Bay Terminal in Chattogram | The Economy of Bangladesh will Change

Import and export of the country is increasing day by day which causing the pressure of all the overall activities of Chittagong port is also increasing. Presently, the pressure on the container handling of the Chattogram / Chittagong seaport is particularly high. The average growth of container handling of Chittagong port is now 16 percent. Around 2.9 million TEUs (20 feet long container) in the last year have been handled in the port.

To continue this growth of Container handling, the port will have the capability to handle more one million TEUs container handling capacity by 2022. In order to achieve this capability, the 'Bay Terminal' is being constructed at a cost of BDT 8,000 Crore starting from the Halishahar to South Kattoli coastal areas. Basically the government is giving importance to the construction of the Bay Terminal as a supplement to Chittagong port and to reduce the pressure of the existing port.

The modern and sustainable Bay terminal is going to be built on the Bay of Bengal in north Halishahar which is six times more than the area available for the operation of the existing port area. After completion this terminal will be able to handle at least 3 million TEUs containers every year and the capacity of the port will increase more than double. Once the construction of this terminal is completed by 2023, Chittagong Port will become one of the most modern and busy seaports in the region. And this will change the economy of the country and new employment opportunities will be created.

The total amount of 352 Crore and 62 lac taka from the government fund has been given to the Chittagong district administration for acquiring 67 acres of land from total 888 acres on 11^th September, 2018 in the terminal area. The administration is completing the work of handing over the rest money to the landowners in different phases.

After acquiring 67 acres of land the construction of the Container Yard and Truck Terminal will be completed within one year. As a result, the discipline-speed of the port will increase and traffic congestion will reduce. There is no problem to get the remaining 821 acres of government owned land. The primary work for the construction of the terminal was started soon after the inauguration by the Prime Minister of Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina. First, the Container Delivery Yard and Truck Terminal will be built here. Already the implementation of the work has started in the soil filling. If the Bay-terminal project is implemented, then the country's import-export trade will increase.

According to the Port Authority, the modern 'Bay-Terminal', which is about six kilometers away from the present main port, will extend from behind the Chittagong EPZ to Rashmoni Ghat in South Kattoli. The first phase of the project will be completed before the year 2021 in the construction of the three-phase construction. By 2023, the construction of the terminal will be completed and operation will be carried out.

In the seaport of Chittagong, which is carrying the maximum vessel contains 1800 containers can now berth. It will be possible to berthing vessels contains 5000 containers in the Bay terminal area. According to the study, the channel that is located about 800 meters away from the coast of Halishahar coast is 10 meters deep. The depth of the sea is more than 12 meters. This means that the ship can board the ship with a depth of 12 meters and length of 280 meters in the jetty.

The existing jetties of the port of Chittagong Port, developed by Karnaphuli's, can’t rush more than 9.5 meters deep and a large 190 meter long sail. The Bay terminal is the second unit of the Chattogram Port.  After completion of the Bay terminal it will not only help Chittagong but the import-export dynamism of the country will increase.

The Bay terminal will have a positive impact on the country's economy in the near future. Large ships in the bay terminal will be able to rush. As a result, the need for feeder ships will be reduced. This will reduce the cost of transportation of goods. Besides, a long-term truck terminal is being constructed under this project. It seems to be possible to keep at least 5,000 loads of vehicles. This will reduce the city-wide traffic congestion.



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Rice Varieties in Bangladesh | BINA and BRRI

The cultivation of various rice varieties invented by BINA (Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture) is now harvesting in 20 countries around the world. The scientists of this institute are working to invent more varieties whose will be tolerant for Flood, Saline and Drought etc.

By utilizing the nuclear tactics, Bangladesh has so far cultivated 60 varieties of crops. Around 8 percent of the total crop produced in Bangladesh is coming from these varieties. And in terms of quantity, it is about 4.5 million metric tons. This variety of crops is playing an important role in the livelihood of the people of rural areas and poverty reduction of the country. Also helping the farmers to dealing with some natural disasters and dangers like climate change, salinity, flood and drought etc.

A report has been published by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) of the United Nations on 14^th February, 2019 regarding this matter. According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) report, due to climate change, there are many types of hazards in Bangladesh. But the scientists of Bangladesh are inventing varieties of crops that can withstand these dangers and disasters, which are imitative in the world.

In addition to the traditional use of technology and hard work in agricultural sector, the BINA has been playing a major and important role in the success of agriculture sector. The chief scientific officer of Bangladesh Atomic Research Institute (BINA), Mr. Mirza Mofazzul Islam, is leading the nuclear agriculture research. He has invented 13 varieties of crop alone and seven varieties jointly. In addition to rice, there are various varieties of jute, spinach, tomato, mugdal (pulses) etc has been invented.

According to BINA, the cultivation of saline tolerant rice BINA-8, which was invented by Mirza Mofazzal Islam, is being cultivating in 20% of the coastal areas of the country. In 20 countries around the world including India, Nepal, the Philippines and Thailand, this saline tolerant rice has been taken and grown in various areas. Recently other varieties such as BINA-7, 8, 11 and 12 were taken by agricultural ministries of India, Nepal and Sri Lanka for harvesting in those countries.

Mr. Mirza Mofazzul Islam of Bangladesh is working as a consultant to set up a nuclear agricultural research center in Sri Lanka, Sierra Leone and Myanmar. In 2014, Mirza Mofazzal Islam awarded the Outstanding Achievement Award in the field of nuclear research, according to the IAEA and the World Food Agency (FAO). Scientists from eight countries of the world get the award on that year. Apart from Bangladesh, Peru, China, Indonesia and Vietnam received the prize.

Discussions in various international forums are happening in the world as a species of crop capable of tackling climate change in the world. Regularly, these varieties are being wanted from different countries of the world for their cultivation in their own country.

Farmers of Bangladesh are producing crops by fighting against natural disasters from long ago. BINA scientists are giving these seeds to the farmers by inventing new varieties of tolerant plants with these unfavorable environments. Bangladesh is facing new challenges, finding more safe crops with less water. BINA and other agriculture related wings are working to solve this issue.

As per the Report of IAEA, the biggest danger of climate change is increasing of salinity in the coastal areas. As a result, around one million acres of land on this area of Bangladesh will not be capable of harvesting. Due to increased salinity, 27 million people of Bangladesh will be forced to move elsewhere by 2050. BINA invented varieties is being cultivating in these areas. The scientists of the BINA are hoping that if the cultivation of saline tolerant and hybrid rice varieties is continuing, then there will be additional 6 million tons of rice will be produce in the country.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture, production of BINA-8 varieties of rice is increasing steadily in coastal areas of the country. Before inventing of the new varieties by Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), the BRRI-47, BRRI-61 and BRRI-67 were cultivated. In recent years the popularity of the BINA-7 and 8 are becoming popular day by day. Especially in Faridpur, Gopalganj, Satkhira, Khulna and Bagerhat districts these varieties is cultivating.

The flood was the biggest danger of the country's cropping in the flood season. If most of the rice was drowning even for three to five days under the water then crop would have been damaged and the yield would decrease. Without the BINA-7 and BINA-12 invented in 2018, the crop is protected from the dangers of floods. The maximum tolerable days in under water for these varieties is 24 days which is really a surprise for the farmers. According to the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), these varieties are very popular for farmers in the central and northern regions of Bangladesh.

The popular Aman variety of the country produces only three to four tons per acre of land. The BINA-17 variety is producing around seven tons per acre. It has been seen as an extension of the production of aman in the country as it is being played as an important role in the development of agriculture.

In 2011, a drought tolerant rice variety from Uganda called NERICA was brought to Bangladesh for cultivation and further research. This variety was not very popular in Uganda due to various reasons. BINA scientists started researching the NERICA-10 species and in the last year of August 2016, they invented BINA-21 variety from Nerica. This variety can be cultivated in water by 40 percent less. At the same time it consumes 30 percent less urea fertilizers.

The chief of Plant Breeding and Genetics Department of the joint nuclear research department of IAEA and FAO, Ljupcho Jankuloski commented on the dangers of climate change that have come to Bangladesh, these varieties may be considered as weapons of Bangladesh.

BINA conducts its research activities in ten different areas. These are: Crop improvement through induced mutation, Biotechnology, Soil management and bio-fertilizer, Irrigation and water management, Pest management, Physiological aspects of crop productivity, Crop management, Improvement of horticultural crops, Technology transfer & impact assessment, and Socio-economic research.

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Samsung Refrigerator Mobile Phone | Made in Bangladesh

Fair Electronics factory which is located in Shibpur upazila under Narsingdi district of Bangladesh is now manufacturing Samsung's refrigerator and Samsung Mobile Phones in the country. “Made in Bangladesh” is now appearing in some models of the world famous Samsung's refrigerators and Cell phones. Some versions of Samsung refrigerator will be low price. Lots of Bangladeshi workers are working in this factory and low and medium range Samsung mobile phones are manufacturing in this factory.

The name ‘Samsung’ is not only well known in Bangladesh but across the whole world. Cell phones, refrigerators or fridges, Air-conditioner (AC) and other electronic products made by Samsung are very popular in the country. Samsung brand mobile handsets are available in the hands of people of Bangladesh. Now, the new NEWS is that Samsung's refrigerator / fridge wrap is now written in Bangladesh or made in Bangladesh.

Samsung Electronics’ refrigerator is now being manufactured at Fair Electronics Factory in Shibpur Upazila, near Narsingdi. Some versions of Samsung refrigerators manufactured in the factory, are selling at low and medium prices in various stores across the country.

Around 600 peoples have been employed in this factory. A part of the staffs has been trained in Korea and Samsung's staff from Korea even trained Bangladeshi workers here. A young woman named Irene Akhter was working in the cell phone manufacturing unit. She said that this is her first job and she learned the work through training in the factory. Fair Group Chairman said, "Bangladeshi peoples are very good at work. They can learn quickly but we need more educated people with technical background.”

Fair Electronics is one of the Samsung's distributors in Bangladesh. Their factory has been built with the technical support of Samsung Electronics. The group has invested around 600 crore taka to build this manufacturing unit in 16 acres of land. Recently, the price of Samsung products has decreased due to the production in Bangladesh. But the quality of products is equivalent to any other manufacturing countries such as Korea, Vietnam or Thailand. There is no difference. Fridges and Mobile phones manufactured in Bangladesh have fault less than others.

South Korea's electronics giant Samsung has 39 factories around the world. They have established research and product development centers at 35 places. Their products are designed in 7 centers. Transcom Electronics produces Samsung's Television in Bangladesh. Fair Electronics factory was launched in July 2019. At present huge numbers of Samsung Refrigerators and mobile phones that are selling in the countries market made of the factory. Some high quality refrigerators and mobile phones are still importing.

The fair group said that they have reduced the prices of the Samsung refrigerator by a little bit in the country. As a result, Samsung's share has increased in the 20 million refrigerator sales in the country every year. Samsung's refrigerator VAT in the country is now 35 percent, which will increase 40 percent soon. The value addition of mobile phone is 10 percent. The factory took initiative to create the motherboard of mobile phones and value added tax will increase when it starts.

The Government of Bangladesh wants to reduce import dependency of electronic products by giving them policy support. Employment opportunity in the country will increase if new factories built.

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Karnaphuli Tunnel Project in Chittagong using TBM

In June 2015, the Bangladesh Government has signed a deal with the China Communications Construction Company (CCCC) for construction of the four around Kilometers long tunnel underneath the river Karnaphuli in Chittagong.  The tunnel will connect the Chittagong city with Anwara upazila to Cox's Bazar via the national Highway and with the proposed Asian Highway.

In November 2015, ECNEC approved the much-hyped BDT 8,446.64-crore for this project. China and Bangladesh government together will finance this mega project. This tunnel would create scopes for establish new industries on the eastern side of the Karnafuli River, Anwara Upazila and it would open a new horizon in trade and commerce in Chittagong region and play a vital role in overall economic development of the country.

The country's dream Karnaphuli tunnel project is now visible. Tunnel boring machine (TBM) which is one of the modern machines to build tunnel, now is in the river bed. The pre-production of setting machine for boring is almost done. This will start with the main task of building tunnels. Already 30 percent of the overall construction work progressed.

On 14 October 2016, the Prime Minister of Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina and China President Xi-Jinping jointly inaugurated the foundation stone for the construction of a tunnel under the Karnaphuli River. It is known that tunnel boring machine has been built in mainland China. The TBM came to the country in April-May 2018.

For setting up the boring machine, jetty has been constructed on both end points of the tunnel. The total land area for this project to be acquired is approximately 383 acres. Already 232 acres land has been successfully acquired. As per published news, Harunur Rashid Chowdhury, the project director of Karnaphuli Tunnel said, "The country's first tunnel is a high-tech technical work. As a result of this there are many warnings around, so it needs taking very slow preparation.

Overall, 30 percent of the tunnels work is finished. Tunnel boring machine will be installed in the river in February, the deputy project director (finance and administration) said. He also said, 'There is a misunderstanding about the land on the southern bank of the Karnaphuli. Later it has resolved. Land owners are receiving compensation through the district administration. Currently 82% of the acquisition work is done.

The estimated time frame for the construction work to be completed is June 2022, if the work is going on at the current pace. At present vast area of ​​Patenga on the north bank of the river is surrounded by walls. Saving access to security interests, dredging works through four mining projects, finishing work in DAP fertilizer factory and KAFKO mid-field char areas for project site offices, habitats and equipment.

Arrangements for construction equipment and accommodation in Patenga on the north bank of the river are being set aside. Recently, materials on two ships came from China to build the project's infrastructure. Karnaphuli tunnel project sources said that the tunnels are being constructed at Tk 8,446 crore 63 lac with two tube-bound 3-4 kilometers of four-lane.

On the western and eastern sides of the tunnel, 535 kilometer approach road and 727 meter over bridge and the tunnel will connect Anwara upazila with Chittagong city. The tunnel will be allotted to the Chittagong airport from the river Karnaphuli two kilometer downstream. The tunnel entrance will be near the Navy College in Patenga, the exit route will be near the CUFL fertilizer factory adjacent to the south bank of Karnaphuli River.

The length of the tunnel is 3,005 meters (excluding 477 meters open cuts on both sides) within a total length of 9,265.97 meters. The tunnel will have two flyovers at 920 meters. The country's first tunnel will be 'Dual Two Lane' type. The tunnel will be built using the 'Shield Drive Method'.

If the project is implemented then the picture of Chittagong will be changed. Uninterrupted and simultaneous road communication inside the city will be modernized, existing road communication system will be improved. Connection with the Asian Highway will be near downtown with the Karnafuli River. It will develop the east bank of the river which will be accelerated by various development works. Easy and time consuming communication system will be established within Dhaka-Comilla-Feni-Chittagong-Cox's Bazar route.

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